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This module examines a range of significant moral theories which have firm historical roots and that remain living options in moral philosophy at the present time, e.g., virtue ethics (Aristotle), utilitarianism (Mill) and deontology (Kant). Attention, also, will be given to the application of these theories to some pertinent moral issues in society today, such as, for instance: ‘the relationship between happiness and morality’, ‘moral relativism and objectivity in moral judgement’; ‘environmental ethics’; ‘euthanasia’, and ‘selfishness and altruism’. The module will conclude by discussing whether certain moral standards can be postulated as generally accepted, or not, and upon which a criticism of the different ethical theories (including our own) could be based (Nietzsche, Levinas and Moore).
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