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This module aims to present, discuss and criticize some of the main philosophical achievements of three canonical figures in early modern philosophy: René Descartes (1596–1650), Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679) and Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677), in the context of the new philosophical and scientific discourse of the 17th century. We shall examine their contributions to the formation of different aspects of modernity on the one hand and their critique of the ‘men of the schools’ (i.e., contemporary scholastic philosophers and their ‘traditional methods’), on the other hand.
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